Steam generator



July 7, 1936. w. s. NOACK STEAM GENERATOR Filed Oct; 20, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 7, 1936. w NQAQK 2,046,530

STEAM GENERATOR Filed Oct. 20, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 The invention relates irEo STATES PATENT OFFICE STEAM GENERATOR Walter Gustav Noack, Baden, Switzerland, as-

signor to Cie, Baden,

Application Aktieugesellschaft Brown,

Switzerland, a joint-stock company October 20, 1934, Serial No. 749,288 Germany November 15, 1933 Boveri &

Claims. (01. 122-467) to steam generators in which the entire heating surfaces and the hot gas passages of the vaporizing and superheating portion are located within the combustion chamber. This structure of the steam generator is especially suitable for those steam generators that operate with pressure firing and high velocity of the hot gases.

It has been found advantageous to divide up the vaporizing heating surface into a plurality of vaporizer units independent of each other and to provide them with heating tubes which pass lengthwise through the vaporizer units singly or in groups.

The hot gases are thus divided up into many separate streams and are reunited in the common gas collector whence they are conducted to the superheater.

While the heating tubes in the vaporizer units are immersed in water and the vaporizer units can be installed close together in front of the combustion chamber wall so that they protect the combustion chamber wall from the heat of radiation and from contact hot gases, a similar heat of the hot gas collector with the flames and the protection for the walls and of the superheater cannot be attained without further measures. These parts therefore require special cooling arrangements, either by walling them up or by means of cooling tubes carrying water, which complicate both the manufacture and the operation to an undesired extent.

In order to avoid these disadvantages, according to the invention the superheater heating surface is divided up just like the vaporizer heating surface, a

corresponding superheater heating surface being associated with the vaporizing and heating surfaces of the heating tubes of each vaporizer unit, this superheater heating surface being heated by the hot gases from the corresponding vaporizer body.

Instead of providing a manifold that collects the gases, still very hot, coming from the vaporizer heating tubes, and a common superheater box, parts which in a known form of forced draft steam with heat insulating ar generator must be provided rangements, the superheater tubes are built into the vaporizer unit itself or into a similar tubular and placed in front wall. The necessity for for the hot gas passages eliminated,-the tubular body immersed in water of the combustion chamber special heat protection of the superheater is unit through which the circulation water runs acts at the same time as vaporizer and heat protection for the fire chamnecessary losses in flow,

Since the different cross-section valikewise eliminated, unwhich might be important with the high velocities desired in pressure fired steam generators, are avoided. The method of placing certain superheater tubes in heating tubes has been known before in locomotives, but the heating tubes forming the vaporizer surface 5 were not built into special vaporizing units nor were superheater tubes distributed separately or in groups to each of these heating tubes.

The invention will be more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 1a is a section on line a--a of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 is a partial vertical sectional view another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2a is a section on line a-a. of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2b is a section on line b-b of Fig. 2;

Fig. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3a. is a section on line a-a of Fig. 3;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional elevation of still another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4a is a partial section on line w-a of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 5 is a partial vertical section normal to the section shown in Fig. 4.

In the form of construction according to Figs. 1 and 1a., the heating tubes l in the steam superheater are attached directly to the heating tubes 2 of the vaporizer portion. Four of these heating tubes, for example, are built into a tubular member 3 (Fig. 1a) and a plurality of these tubular members are set up close together in a row in front of the combustion chamber wall 4, similarly 5 to the arrangement shown in the sectional view Fig. 4a. The feed water or the circulation water, including the feed water circulated by a pump, enters the vaporizer chamber 6 at 5', and. the steam or the steam-water mixture leaves the chamber 6 at I. The steam to be superheated enters at 8 into the superheater chamber 9 and leaves it superheated at it]. The hot gases from the combustion chamber enter the heating tubes 2 and l at H and how into the gas collection manifold l2 common to all the vaporizer units. The vaporizer unit is exposed to the radiation of the flames. In order to protect the tube walls in the superheater portion from the heat of radiation a partition wall is provided at l3. A superheater is thus associated with each vaporizer unit. The hot gases that leave the superheater are cooled down sufiiciently to make further cooling arrangements for the exhaust gas passage unnecessary.

mixture of steam and water leaves the vaporizer unit at 2d. The exhaust gas manifold 22 leads the cooled gases to a gas turbine or a feed water preheater, for example. ing tubes which protect the combustion chamber floor from radiated heat.

In the example of construction according to Figs. 3 and 3a the tubular member 25 that con-' tains the superheater tubes 26 is positioned within the vaporizer unit beside the heating tubes 21 of the vaporizer. The hot gases flow successively through the heating tubes 21 of the vaporizer and the tubular member 25.containing the super heater tubes 26. The hot gases enter thetubular member 25 at 29 and leave it cooled off at 30, then leaving the boiler through the common exhaust pipe 3!. The feed water or the circulation water is introduced at 32 and is led to the lowest point of the vaporizer unit 28 through a pipe 33. (Fig. 3a). The. generated steam or the mixture of steam and Water flows into the manifold 35 at 34. The figures 36 indicate cooling tubes. I

The vaporizer and the superheater likewise can be placed'intwo separate adjacent units through which the same hot gas flows in succession. Figs.

4, 4a, and 5 show a construction of this kind. The heating. tubes are built into the vaporizer unit 4|. .The superheater tubes 42 are located in anotherfipipe '43 that is enclosed in a casing 44. The hot gases first pass through the heating tubes 40, flow over into the superheater at 45 and leave the superheater at 46, cooled down, and then flow down to the exhaust gas manifold 41. The feed water or circulation water is introduced at 48 and the steam or mixture of steam and-circulation water goes over to the collection tube 50 at 49.

The vaporizerunits of all the examples of construction are readily replaceable and therefore these most important parts of the steam generator can be readily removed, repaired outside the boiler or replaced by new units. I claims- 1. In a steam generator particularly for pressure'firing and high gas velocity, a combustion chamber, a plurality of vaporizer units in said combustion chamber, fire tubes in said vaporizing units, a superheater unit associated with each of said vaporizer units within said combustion The tubes 23 are cool- .sure firing and high gas velocity, a. combustion chamber, a plurality oftubular chambers positionedinsaid combustion chamber between the tected from the heat of combustion, members dividing said tubular chambers into a .vaporizer portion and a superheater portion, and

fire tubes in-said vaporizer portion opening directlyinto said superheater portion.

3. In a steam generator particularly for pres sure firing and high gas velocity, a combustion chamber, a plurality of tubular chambers positioned in saidrcombustion chamber between the walls thereof and the combustion space whereby the walls of the combustion chamber are pro-' tected from the heat of combustion, a transverse partition in each of said chambers separating them into a vaporizer portion and a superheater portion, fire tubes in said vaporizer portion and heating tubes in said superheater portion directly connected to the fire tubes in said vaporizer portion.

4. In a steamgenerator particularly for pressure firing and high gas velocity, a combustion chamber, a plurality of tubular vaporizer chambers positioned in said combustion chamber between' the walls thereof and the combustion space whereby the walls of the combustion chamber are protected from the heat of combustion, fire tubes in said vaporizer chamber, and a superheater chamber inside said vaporizer chamber directly connected to said fire tubes.

5. In a steam generator particularly for pressure firing and high gas velocity, a combustion chamber; a plurality of vaporizer units in said combustion chamber adjacent the walls thereof,

a plurality of superheater units adjacent the walls bustion space whereby the walls of the combustion chamber are protected from the heat of combustion.

WALTER GUSTAV NOACK. 

